An Analysis Of Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants...

In Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† I found many layers of symbolism, and a fascinating psychological underplay afoot between his two characters. It begins with the girl’s comment about a line of white hills seen in the distance, which she compares to white elephants. The man responds with the comment â€Å"I’ve never seen one.† The symbolism of a white elephant is widely known as something very large or apparent that no one wishes to acknowledge or speak of in American society. It is an interesting opening to a very strained conversation concerning an apparent pregnancy, and the man’s wish to terminate it. The couple’s careful avoidance of actually naming the problem, or the proposed solution, suggests the situation in which a mate,†¦show more content†¦As an interesting note, the name ‘wormwood’ derives from the German word Wermut, which translates as ‘grievous’ in the English language. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The man’s response to her bitterness is one of irritation and he snaps at her, whereupon she promptly blames him for his lack of appreciation for her clever metaphor about the white hills; referring , most likely, to his distracted attitude. It seems likely she is accustomed to him complimenting her for her intelligence and wit, which is now not happening due to his worry over her pregnancy. He again placates her, this time by agreeing the metaphor was a bright comparison. When she softens her reference to the hill with an explanation, he makes small talk for a moment, then launches into his campaign to convince her of the banality of an abortion. At this point, Hemingway inserts her name, which suggests empathy for the girl’s position. By giving her a name, while leaving the man without one, the reader might find her to be a more personalized character. She has a name, which in human society is a symbol of individuality and importance, while someone thatShow MoreRelatedAn Inferential Analysis of Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants.931 Words   |  4 PagesIn Hemingway s Hills Like White Elephants I found many layers of symbolism, and a fascinating psychological underplay afoot between his two characters. It begins with the girl s comment about a line of white hills seen in the distance, which she compares to white elephants. The man responds with the comment I ve never seen one. The symbolism of a white elephant is widely known as something very large or apparent that no one wishes to acknowledge or speak of in American society. It is anRead MoreAnalysis Of Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants711 Words   |  3 Pagesanother perspective that first impression often evolves, like looking through a lens. This phenomenon can be observed in literature. Ernest Hemingways â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† tells of a man and a woman waiting at a Spanish railway station. While having drinks, they discuss the option of her having an abortion. Brooks The Mother discusses the mental effects of abortion and how a woman may feel after having one. At first glance, Hemingway’s story simply shows that abortions can hurt and put strainRead MoreAnalysis Of Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants991 Words   |  4 Pagespeople outside of just the person that is making the decision, this causes a person to be weary of their choices. In Ernest Hemingw ay’s story, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† he focuses the attention on how difficult it can be to make the right decision by expressing the elements through the setting, character, conflicts, symbols, and foreshadowing in the story. In Hemingway’s story, he creates the setting in which he writes, â€Å"It was very hot and the express from Barcelona, would arrive in forty minutesRead MoreCritical Analysis on Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants Essay575 Words   |  3 Pages The thing that makes, Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway such a powerful story is the subtlety with which it is told. Hemingway is commenting on subject matter which for the time would have been considered taboo, but does so without actually spelling it out for the reader. As the characters sit together drinking beer and talking, it becomes immediately apparent that there is something weighty between them and as the conversation continues, the reader can feel pressure building betweenRead MoreEvaluation Argument Hills Like White Elephants1388 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Ernest Hemingway: Hills Like White Elephants A white elephant is an idiom for a valuable but burdensome possession, but also it means a rare and sacred creature. In Ernest Hemingway’s short story Hills Like White Elephants, Hemingway uses an unborn child as a white elephant. This short story depicts a couple of an American man and young women at a train station somewhere in Spain. Hemingway tells the story from watching the couple from across the bar and listening to their troublesome conversationRead MoreHills Like White Elephants By Ernest Hemingway1446 Words   |  6 PagesErnest Hemingway’s short story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† explores the topics of abortion, sex before marriage, and feelings of separation. There are many different points of view one can take on Hemingway’s work. The main literary analysis that will be explained is the significance of the title and how it is layered into the story in various places. In addition to this, the narrator’s point of view will also be discussed since it plays a role in bringing the characters together. Lastly, it willRead MoreErnest Hemingway s `` Indian Camp `` And Hills Like White Elephants ``928 Words   |  4 PagesWith an analysis of Hemingway’s â€Å"Indian Camp† and â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, Bauer attempts to bring her own feminist perspective to Hemingway’s notoriously misogynistic texts to prove that there are more to his female characters than there is on the surface and to possibly emasculate his reputation of portraying women as powerless and one-dimensional characters. Dr. Bauer’s overall argument regarding the position of women in Hemingway’s â€Å"Indian Camp† and â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† is thatRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Short Story ‘Hills Like White Elephants’ by Ernest Hemingway.1497 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Analysis of the short story ‘Hills like White Elephants’ by Ernest Hemingway. Word Count: 1367 Hills like White Elephants – Ernest Hemingway â€Å"Will Jig have the abortion and stay with the man; will Jig have the abortion and leave the man; or will Jig not have the abortion and win the man over to her point of view?† (Hashmi, N, 2003). These are the three different scenarios that have been seriously considered in Ernest Hemingway’s short story, â€Å"Hills like White Elephants†. ErnestRead MoreErnest Hemingway s Hills Like White Elephants Essay1135 Words   |  5 PagesKatherine Escobar Professor. Riobueno ENC1102 12/11/16 Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† is a story about two characters on their journey in the valley of Spain. They are deciding whether or not to make an abortion, which is indirectly implied on the narrative. Hemingway has a specific way of creating the story that it becomes apparent that every description he used is a symbol of the plot. Through this way of storytelling, HemingwayRead MoreHills Like White Elephants, a Theme Analysis Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesHemmingway uses time, place, and symbolism in Hills like White Elephants to intensify the central dilemma in a story about a man and a woman deciding on whether to go through with an abortion. Although a literal reading of the title may not seem to have any relation to the story, the title is rich in implications. Critics suggest that Hills refers to the shape of a womans stomach when pregnant, and Websters 21st Century Dictionary defines white elephant as: [An] awkward, useless possession .

Why I Am A Teacher Essay - 1559 Words

INTRODUCTION I believe that because I have wanted to be a teacher since I was a little girl. Not only have I wanted becoming a teacher for many years, but also I have had many teachers in my past, good and bad, who have assisted me in realizing that teaching was the profession for me. I have started to work as a teacher assistant in a school for autistic children. Teaching is a challenging task. One shall perform his duty with the highest degree of excellence, professionalism, intelligence, skill, and with utmost devotion and dedication to ensure the quality of education. It is also the noblest profession. A teacher carries numerous responsibilities. Her task is not just simply delivering the lesson inside the four corners of the classroom but rather serves as the second parent of the students and therefore loves and cares for her students like her real children. As an educator, I strongly believe that nurturing and nourishing all students must be my utmost concern. I dream of students whose fullest potentials are developed to make them become responsible citizens. They must be properly taught to read, write and speak both English and a second language. They must use these languages as an avenue for self-improvement and community building. They must know how to process ideas, compute numbers, solve problems, apply concepts, and make decision s for themselves to make them empowered learners. They must be students who are always hungry for knowledge,Show MoreRelatedWhy I Am A Teacher807 Words   |  4 Pageswhat kind of job a person is going to take, a basic question to answer is about why. Why I want to be a teacher? This is one thing about which I has to be very clear before I decide on anything else such as what type of teacher I desire, or which subject, or where I want to teach. There are several aspects that have motivated me to be a teacher. First, the significant position of education in China makes teacher a most honored and respected role that attracts me. Second, my interest in teachingRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher909 Words   |  4 Pagesin school. At the beginning of high school, I had already acquired plenty of experience writing and had found my style of writing. High School has given me a chance to further explore different ways to write and allowed me to learn what I do and do not like writing about. This past semester of DE English has felt like the next step in my evolution as a writer. During middle school I wrote in my english classes many times just like everyone else. However, I was in a program called â€Å"Focus† from fifthRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1287 Words   |  6 PagesThe first reason I decided to become a teacher because I have always enjoyed interacting, inspiring and guiding young people. I remember as a kid I always used my little chalkboard and pretend to teach to my friends what I had learned in school. I am also very patient and love to learn new material and explain it to others. The second reason, my ESL teacher during my first high school year was a real inspiration to me; I admire her ability to guide students. The third reason, when I started workingRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1425 Words   |  6 PagesThe people in my life I have always looked up to the most have been my teachers. When I was a child, they seemed all-powerful, the givers of the knowledge I didn’t even know I sought. Now, as a teenager, I still hold the opinion that educating the next generation is one of the noblest tasks a person can devote themselves to. Like many children, I went through many â€Å"dream career† phases: astronaut first, inspired by the â€Å"Magic School Bus† books, then veterinarian, a seemingly natural fit with my loveRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher Essay1577 Words   |  7 PagesDream Big I clearly remember the day my mother brought home a small wooden desk for me. I cherish that desk so much because not only did I use it to do my homework, but I also used to play school. Even though I was very young, I knew I wanted to be a teacher. So the years went by and I was now a senior in high school and so close to achieving my goal of being a teacher. I knew attending college would be difficult, my parents, older sister, and I had no clue where to begin, or if it was evenRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher933 Words   |  4 Pagesage I remember that being drilled into my brain, if you don’t learn to write you won’t go into the next grade, if your handwriting is too bad you won’t get into the next grade, I remember those words being shoved down my throat every single solitary year of school. When I was starting kindergarten I could already write the basics because my parents thought this was a very important skill and made sure both my brother and I could bot h read and write well enough. I remember the nights where I wouldRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1913 Words   |  8 PagesEver since I can remember, I’ve wanted to be a teacher. I remember sitting in grade school thinking, â€Å"Someday, I’d love to be doing what my teacher is doing now.† And amazingly, as I grew older, the age level at which I wanted to teach got bigger and bigger. However, as I approached the completion of my high school years, I realized that while teaching was a passion, it wasn’t a profession. It wasn’t the money necessarily (though that is daunting to a student going into education) but I realizedRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1194 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Growing up, I was the daughter and granddaughter of excellent teachers. I always saw how dedicated my mother and grandmother were to their profession. I saw first-hand the late night grading, the parent-teacher conferences, and all the joys and burdens of being a teacher. So, without a doubt I knew I wanted to experience the same joy of being a teacher and being able to inspire students to learn, just like my mother and grandmother. I learned early on that teaching was not a regularRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1221 Words   |  5 Pagesunique, influential teacher to drive a student into a specific field, and in my case, those teachers were Ms. Kim and Mr. Salters. When I entered fifth grade, I thought math was fun and interesting, but then in Mr. George’s class, I was berated quite loudly in front of the entire class for being an idiot after misplacing a digit. I had loved science and math until that point. For many students, this would be the end of the road for loving math and science. Thankfully, later I was fortunate enoughRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher Essay859 Words   |  4 PagesTeacher Questionnaire 1. Yes. And I believe teacher minister students beyond just what he/she lectures. When I was teaching art in the university, just my students are asked to be committed in their studies in art, making connection with the practical fields, I hold myself to set an example for students in commitment and integrity as an artist. I believe a teacher plays the role as a guide and a supporter in students’ learning progress. 2. Growing up, I was blessed with several passionate teachers

International Trade Research Opportunities

Question: Discuss about the International Trade Research Opportunities. Answer: Introduction: The objective of research is identify the scope of opportunities for the initiation of business of Go Bike Inc. in the countries of Belgium and Switzerland. Research seeks to analyze the business environment of both the countries to consider the expansion. Competitor environment of Belgium: The market of motorcycle in Belgium in the year 2012 witnessed much newly registered motorcycle. The turnover of motorcycles is about 90% in the province of Buenos Aires and city of Buenos Aires, Santa Fe and Cordoba. Many new comers has witnessed increase in the sales of the motorcycles and the newcomers are witnessing the potential in the motorcycle market of Belgium. The country has a market of premium segment and has the scope of choice for budget friendly bikes. The market decline in Belgium is slowing down and it is expected that the growth of motorcycles in Belgium will increase (Rezaei et al., 2013). Top ten motorcycles brand in Belgium: The Belgian motorcycle market has Chinese brands as the newcomers in the motorcycle market. The strongest newcomer of motorcycles in the Belgian market is Renault Twizzy and the accession of bikes such as Bramo, Zero motorcycles, Govecs and the Spanish Jotagas is remarkable (Latiers, 2015). In the decreasing market share, some of the motorcycles have to give up their market shares. Piaggio continued to be the market leader despite the decline of the market registration. The brand KTM is entering in the top ten rank for the first time in Belgium. Suzuki and Dukati fell out of top 10 ranking. The motorcycle company in Belgium consist of classes of on and off classes of road motorcycles which include moped and scooters. The market dynamics of the motorcycles in Belgium depends upon the combination of various factors such as economic, demographic and environmental regulations. The registration of motor bikes propelled Belgium to seventh place and has an overall growth rate of 5.9% since 2015. The growth is further enhanced by the increase in the demand of the bigger bikes. The market of motorcycles is expanding in the new segments such as the Rivale. The gross domestic product of the Belgium is lower as compared to Switzerland and due to which the consumers producers would not be able to spend on the luxurious bikes and hence manufacturing the bikes with reasonable price would be advantageous to gain the market share. Competitors environment of Switzerland: The Switzerland offers a growing market for high quality motorcycles and there is the market for high quality and innovative motorcycles (Wolf et al., 2012). There are some regulations imposed by the government to include 30% of the local parts in the motorcycle, which would affect the sales of the motorcycle of the companies operating in the country. Motorcycles in Switzerland areas sold through two channels that is through the retail stores and hypermarket and through the dealers (Plus, 2016). There are three major brands of motorcycles in the country occupying about 50% of the market share. Honda ranks first in this regard. The market of motorcycle in Switzerland consist of various models. The sales of the motorcycle fell in the first few months of this year. However, the Swiss motorcycle manufacturer, Motosuisse recorded an increase in the new registration of motorcycles (Williamson et al., 2013). The concept of environmental consciousness is a contributing factor in Switzerland as the bikes which are electrical in nature has the economic alternative to the consumers and it do does not consume any fossils or fuels. This will not lead to the greenhouse gas emission and this affects the scope of the motorcycles industry in Switzerland. The market for motorcycles in Switzerland is booming and the demand for motorbikes is running particularly high for motorbikes. Go Bike Inc would face tough competition from feline motorcycles whose bikes are the synthesis of modern designs and extensively use manufacturing process and modern materials. The bikes are highly sophisticated which combines the new technology. The motorcycles of the Go Bike Inc would face competition in terms of technology and the designs. The Go Bike needs to modify its designs and adopt the sophisticated technology which entering the motorcycle market of Switzerland. If the Go bike Inc establishes the business in particular region, then the presence of the domestic competitors automatically cancels the advantage in terms of the factor cost, cost of production, home market preference. The Go Bike needs to adopt to the different international strategy to compete against the other companies available in the Switzerland. The gross domestic product in Switzerland is more than the Belgium, and therefore it would be advantageous to produce the bikes, which involves sophisticated technologies, as the competitors of motorcycle are well equipped with the features, which are desired by the customers. The Switzerland is following the trend of electric motorbikes and the market of motorcycle has huge potential. There is a high concentration of suppliers of motorcycles in Switzerland and they produce more or less standardized products. Recommendation: The Go Bike Inc should make the expansion in Belgium as the newcomers of the motorcycles business are witnessing increasing sales in the coming years. The market is growing at 59% and it gives the Go bike an opportunity to ride the growth in densely competitive market. There is also an opportunity to diversify the product offered by the company as the scoters and moppets are very popular in Belgium. In Switzerland, the company has the opportunity to sell its high technologically superior products. Therefore, it is recommended that the company should enter both Switzerland and Belgium market. Conclusion: After the analysis of two countries, it is concluded that both the countries would provide Go Bike Inc. with the opportunities for the exploration of business. The Switzerland is more technologically advanced and has a liberal government system as compared to Belgium. On the other hand, Belgium offers more opportunity to the company for growth and expansion. If the company enters in business in both the countries then it will give the company to sell from technologically superior products to moppets. Reference: Camarinha-Matos, L. M., Afsarmanesh, H. (Eds.). (2013).Processes and Foundations for Virtual Organizations: IFIP TC5/WG5. 5 Fourth Working Conference on Virtual Enterprises (PRO-VE03) October 2931, 2003, Lugano, Switzerland(Vol. 134). Springer. Doing Business in Belgium | Brussels, Belgium - Embassy of the United States. Belgium.usembassy.gov.(2016). Retrieved 21 November 2016, from https://belgium.usembassy.gov/doing-business-local.html Latiers, A. (2015). Demand Response Perspectives for Belgium.Refletset perspectives de la vie conomique,54(1), 185-203. Meier, H. B., Marthinsen, J. E., Gantenbein, P. A. (2013). Swiss Institutional Investors.Swiss Finance: Capital Markets, Banking, and the Swiss Value Chain, 151-179. Plus, M. (2016).Swiss motorcycle market dropped in 2016.https://www.marketplus.com. Retrieved 21 November 2016, from https://www.marketplus.ch/news/swiss-motorcycle-market-dropped-in-2016.html Rezaei, S., Goli, M., Dana, L. P. (2013). An empirical study of the underground economy in the Kingdom of Belgium.International Journal of Business and Globalisation,11(2), 159-170. Williamson, P. J., Ramamurti, R., Fleury, A., Fleury, M. T. L. (Eds.). (2013).The competitive advantage of emerging market multinationals. Cambridge University Press. Wolf, P., Kaudela-Baum, S., Meissner, J. O. (2012). Exploring innovating cultures in small and medium-sized enterprises: Findings from Central Switzerland.International Small Business Journal,30(3), 242-274.

Journey To Hell Essays - Contemporary Christian Music, David Meece

Journey To Hell awoke in a daze. Everything beyond the end of my nose was a total blur. I shook my head to clear my vision. An object began to focus less than ten yards away. The silhouette was almost like a person but too beastly to be human. Do my eyes deceive me? What is this place? Where am I? What's going on? You are in hell, because you have sinned, a voice boomed out of nowhere. Who was this person and what is he talking about? He continued, you were murdered a few hours ago. Look at yourself, you're covered in blood. See the bullet holes? I looked down and tried to scream only in vain because I had lost my voice. Don't worry about your voice, Minos boomed, it'll be back in good time. But until then I need to find a suitable punishment for you. I need not go into why I was in hell because I know why I'm here and that's all that matters. Well, while I'm thinking I'll let you experience two different levels of hell. You will have twenty-four hours to wander free and at the end of that time you will be sentenced. Well I didn't see myself having any other viable options. So I nodded my head, and Minos directed me towards a series of doors. All of these doors were unique in their own way. I saw some that were well decorated and others that looked like they came from the bottom of hell. But one door stood out over all the others. It appeared to be a set of elevator doors. This intrigued me most immensely. So I approached them with a bit of caution. I pushed the down button, as there was no up button. I assumed that this would be standard seeing as how I am in hell and I don't imagine that I'm going up from here. Immediately the elevator doors opened. I heard the sound of wandering music pouring from the elevator doors and I stepped in. The music was soothing at first then all of a sudden I hear another deep voice going .... down? This scared me, seconds later the floor beneath my feet disappeared. I began a free fall. As I was falling all of a sudden I began to scream. My voice was back! Splash! I landed in a huge pool of a gruesome liquid. It was thick, and was in it up past my knees and my entire body was soaked . I picked my hand up and after close analysis realized it was a huge pool of blood that I was laying in. I looked around and this whole place seemed so desolate. I thought I could see some light on the horizon. So I headed towards this place. As I walked the temperature grew colder and colder. I began to shiver and I could see my breath. I could feel my muscles beginning to atrophy. I finally saw a group of people. As I got there I fell into their arms. I looked around and I saw several familiar faces. I recognized two of them distinctly. One was the leader of the Heaven's Gate cult, and the other was Charles Manson. I asked Charlie, what's going on here? Who is in this level of hell? This level is full of sociopaths, such as David Koresh and Jim Jones and we have Ted Kazinski and all people of that sort, explained Charlie. Wow what are all those people doing here? I exclaimed. Well in this level of hell, he explained, we are forced to wade through pools of the blood of all the people we killed. And eventually this place will fill up and we will perpetually drown in pools of blood. Every 100,000 years all the blood is drained and we start over. Eeek, I don't like the sounds of that. Well do any of you interact socially with each other on this level, I enquired. No actually we try not to socially interact as much as possible because we have such differing beliefs that we would try and kill each other, he replied. Can you actually kill someone who is already dead? It seems like

How to Do a Webinar The Effective Way [Free Planner]

How to Do a Webinar The Effective Way [Free Planner] There are so many amazing ways of connecting content with your audience: video shows, podcasts, epic list posts, free resources, and yes, webinars. But when your workload is already full (and whose isn’t?), how do you add another marketing channel into the mix? In this post, I’m going to show you how to do a webinar the smart way when you already have heaps of work on your plate. But before you invest more time reading this, answer two questions (especially if you lead a marketing team): â€Å"Will webinars really increase sales and should my team invest in them?† I can’t answer that for you. But I can present a few stats to help you decide if they’re a worthy investment. How To Do A Webinar The Effective Way (Free Planner)Webinar Statistics Highlights According to a 2016 study  that analyzed 12,780 webinars: Webinars attract  an average of 233 attendees. Webinar viewers watch an average of 50 minutes. Watchtime has increased by 31.5 percent since 2010. â€Å"Question and answer† time is the most popular- and expected- form of interactivity. Of global attendees, 20 percent downloaded content, 7 percent submitted questions, and 31 percent responded to polls. Those numbers are a virtual all-you-can-eat buffet for marketers†¦ Naturally, we want in. Whether this is your first, or fiftieth, webinar, you’ll find value in the path-of-smartest  resistance we’re about to travel. Here’s what’s ahead. You’re going to: Learn how to host a webinar like a seasoned pro. Choose the best webinar software and tools for you. Learn how to record a webinar and promote the replay. Obliterate the technical barriers with step-by-step instructions + visuals. Get our free Webinar Planner  + Webinar Talking-Points Template + Email Follow-Up Template so you can work our proven process for hosting efficient, effective, and engaging webinars. Grab your free planner and templates so you can follow along. We’ll be using them throughout the post. Now, let’s crank out a crazy-good webinar, shall we? Use The MVP Approach To Knockout Your Next Webinar Our approach is dead simple; and we’ve written about it before. It’s called the â€Å"minimum viable project† (MVP) approach. It’s a play on the famed â€Å"minimum viable product† of The Lean Startup  fame. An MVP’s goal is to get you through a loop of â€Å"idea → ship → analyze† as quickly as possible. Our own Nathan Ellering  says it like this: â€Å"The idea behind a minimum viable project is to eliminate risk by helping you: Create and publish quickly, Measure your success, Learn to improve.† Our aim is to make your webinar an MVP. It’s to find the baseline that will produce the largest return from the  smallest amount of effort. Sounds nice, right? To do this, you’re going to do one of two things: Repurpose a piece of high-performing content  you already have; Or, repurpose a piece of content you’re going to create. For our purposes, we’re going to repurpose an existing piece of content. But if you’re going to opt for path number two and create something fresh, check out this post so you know exactly what your audience is dying to know  from you (it’s called your â€Å"content core†). Now, if you don’t know your top-performing pieces of content, you should start there. To snoop out your winners, you can of course use Google Analytics. One of my favorite ways, though, is using the analytics dashboard right inside of .   It’s a quick way to run a report of what content has performed the best on social media. To generate this report, start by logging into your calendar. Then, click on the â€Å"Analytics† icon on the left sidebar: From here you can run one of three reports. In this case, we’ll run the â€Å"Top Content† report: After our digital elves crunch your numbers, it will generate a report like the one below. In this case, you can see that our post, â€Å"How to Write Emotional Headlines That Get More Shares† has resonated well: Now, after 15 seconds of clicking, I have an incredible candidate for an MVP webinar topic. My audience is interested in this content. And even better, they believe their  audiences are interested too. I know this because they shared it with them. To further corroborate this, I can check out this post’s 30-day traffic in Google Analytics: Now, with just a few more seconds, I see that this post got 2,084 page views in the last 30 days and 1,126 unique visits- not bad for a post that’s over 6 months old. After 30 seconds of clicking around, I’m sold! (I know, easy sell right?) However, I’m really confident this topic will play well because not only do I have the traffic data on my site- but I see the social side as well. As you narrow down your webinar topic, I urge taking social stats into account alongside traffic to your article or blog post. Recommended Reading: The Best 30-Minute Content Marketing Brainstorming Process How To Do A Webinar: Our 4-Stage Approach Once you’ve landed on a subject, the rest is a matter of process. So we’re going to walk through the 4-stage approach we use for webinars at . We’ll cover each in detail, below. The stages are: Adaptation:  Adapt your top-performing content into a webinar. Promotion:  Get the word out so you have as many registrants as possible. Delivery:  It’s showtime- smile big, use the right tools, and have fun! Nurture:  Follow up, thank your new friends, give them gifts, and use their feedback to optimize for next time. Notice that this is exactly how your free MVP Webinar Planner  is organized. So make sure you download it and follow along! Stage 1: Adaptation There are five steps to adapting your content for a webinar: Decide what content you will repurpose as your MVP. Choose a webinar format. Adapt your content into a script. Create beautiful visuals. Craft a giveaway resource as an incentive to stick around, come back for more, and put your ideas to work. We can already cross step one off the list! We’re going to host a webinar on writing emotional headlines that people want to share. Boom. Step One: âÅ"… Format Now, we need to decide which format will work best for this webinar. Chances are you’ve attended a webinar or twelve and already have an idea. Search Engine Journal  has a nice roundup of webinar formats and explanations: Presentation:  This is one of the most common formats where a presenter shares a PowerPoint presentation and gives a rehearsed speech. It’s easy to create, but is also less engaging. Interview:  You can interview an expert either together on-screen, over the phone, or with a screen share. This format is engaging, but make sure you’re familiar with the guest in case they go off-script. QA:  This is similar to an interview, except the questions are coming from the audience, which will boost engagement. You can have guests submit questions beforehand so there’s enough content to fill the allotted time scheduled for the webinar. Panel:  Just like a live a panel, this is where you have several speakers discuss a certain topic. Panels are great for offering different perspectives and opinions from experts. Just make sure the panel members get along. Product demo:  If you have a product or service, this is a great format to increase leads and reach customers who are interested in making a purchase since you’re showcasing your product. In our case, a presentation or interview makes the most sense. Also, we can add QA breaks throughout and at the end. So, I could either interview the original author, our CEO Garrett Moon, or have him present. Alternatively, I can adapt his content into a presentation of my own. To keep things (and schedules) simple, I’ll take the risk of being a bore and prep a webinar where I present the content myself. To keep things engaging, I will also have opportunities for QA with my attendees. Otherwise... Step Two: âÅ"… Script Next, it’s time to adapt the actual content into my script, or talking points. The key here is to pull the main points and simply bullet-point them. You’re not creating a manuscript to read from. You’re creating an outline to talk from. In this case, it’s also worth revisiting the social media stats for insight into what people loved most about it. This post got CRAZY love on Pinterest- which is of course all about pics. As I read through the post to begin writing my script, I see some beautifully designed + highly informative images. Especially this one, with 180+ power words for writing emotional headlines (which you should share/download and start using in your work immediately!): I know that this needs to be a centerpiece to my presentation and will certainly become a part of my slide deck (more on that in the next step). Here’s where the â€Å"MVP Webinar Talking Points Template† comes in: This template is setup to map your existing content straight into a presentation webinar format. When you open it up, you’ll notice introductory content, and then five sections for each slide. We like to layout our content color coded like this: [Purple] = slide title [Black] = talking points [Blue] = links to copy/paste into webinar chat window [Green] = reminder to pause for questions (this can be every few slides) [Red] = transition statement so you can move seamlessly from one slide to the next From here, simply open up the template and use its structure to map your content into talking points, links to pertinent resources you want to mention, and transition statements. A great way to adapt your post into a script is to think about structure. For instance, the post I’m adapting  in this example breaks down into this structure: Hook:  After analyzing 5,556,914 headlines, we found the secret to writing headlines that spread like wildfire. The common denominator of the top-performing headlines was surprising. But numbers never lie: it’s all about a nerdy metric called the Emotional Marketing Value (EMV) score. â€Å"What’s in it for me?† statement:  The findings of our research allows you to predict the success of your headline before you ever hit publish. After implementing our findings, you can have complete confidence your headlines will get attention amidst the flurry of content online. You can be sure of this because we built a free tool called the Headline Analyzer  that scores your headlines and helps you improve them via empirical data. Thesis:  The key to effective headlines is in their emotional resonance- a metric called the Emotional Marketing Value (EMV) score. Body: Our findings:  We know this is true because we crunched the numbers and learned that posts with higher EMV get more shares every time. Why we trust our findings: We calculate a headline’s EMV based on accepted research dating back to the ‘60s and ‘70s- research corroborated across multiple languages. How the measurement works: There are three layers of emotional resonance: intellectual, empathetic, and spiritual. How to write better headlines: To start, use our free tool that will break your headlines down and show you exactly where to improve them. How sentiment impacts performance: You’ll notice positive headlines consistently outperform negative ones. Examples (before/after): Seven examples of poor headlines, how to rewrite them for optimal performance, and why. A process for writing emotional headlines: Write 25 headlines Calculate the EMV for each Cull the poor performers Amp up the emotion Publish, test your work, and evaluate to optimize Conclusion: An overview of what we covered. A succinct explanation of how it will help you. A clear call-to-action so the audience understands their next step. From this outline I can add bullet-points below each item to explain it. Those become my talking points and, as you’ll see in the next step, each point becomes a slide. Easy as pie because the hard work has already been done. ^That’s why this qualifies as an MVP project :) Your content will then drive the slide deck you design. And when you move through the process this way, your slide deck will be much easier because you’ll know exactly how many slides you need and what’s going to be on them. Recommended Reading: How to Repurpose Content And Make the Most of Your Marketing Step Three: âÅ"… Design Slide Deck Next, we like to actually sit down with Ashton, our designer, and walk through the outline with her. This is also a frictionless process because she’s the one who designed the post graphics. Now, we simply need to cover the content that needs to be on each slide and the presentation’s flow. If you don’t have the benefit of a professional designer, though, no problem! It’ll take a bit longer, but you can still use excellent tools like services like Slidesmash  or Canva  for free Powerpoint, Keynote, or Google Slides  templates, or Graphic River  for paid templates. If you’re doing this yourself, make sure to work through a guide like Canva’s â€Å"Presentation Design 101.† This article is an excellent primer on things like how much info to include per slide, how to choose great fonts, color palette choices, and more. This article walks through ten principles with an example slide presentation to illustrate each. Another helpful article is â€Å"The Know It All Guide To Color Psychology In Marketing.† This post walks you through the nuts-and-bolts of which colors go well together and why it matters. Step Four: âÅ"… Create A Free Giveaway Finally, it’s time to create a free giveaway for your webinar viewers. You can get pretty wild here- however, remember the reason behind this step. Your giveaway simply needs to help your viewers put what you taught them into action. Obviously, the format of your giveaway resource is largely dependent upon your content. In my example post, I would create a 3-part giveaway bundle like this. First, I’d include the â€Å"180+ Power Words For Writing Emotional Headlines† graphic I embedded above. It’s incredibly actionable and  easy to reference. So it will add value to anyone who wants to write shareable headlines. Second, I’d create a headline writing template in either Excel  or Google Sheets. The most helpful way to do this would be to take the five steps to writing emotional headlines (listed in the talking-points outline above) and give the viewers a place to work through each. It could look something like this: It covers the five steps working from left-to-right. This way, it gives the user an option of either using our tool (notice the link at the top of the sheet) or of working the process manually. Either way, it eliminates any additional prep work on their part. This allows them to simply fill in the blanks following a proven formula for success. When you create resources, the sure-fire way to make sure they’re helpful is to ask this question: â€Å"How can I help my audience implement the advice I’ve given?† Your giveaway resources should answer that question. Notice also that this example resource also serves a business purpose for . It offers them a simpler way to accomplish the task- using our tool- without forcing them to use it. They can get the same results using this resource, but it helps them see how much legwork our tool saves them. Now that my giveaway resources are finished, I can drop them into a file and then compress them into a .zip file. To do this, I simply right click on the desktop file and choose â€Å"Compress† (Mac) or â€Å"Send to Compressed† (Windows): Voila. I now have a solid 2-piece giveaway resource for my webinar viewers. And because it’s compressed, it’s ready to be emailed out or easily downloaded via a link. Step Five:   Ã¢Å"… Stage 2: Promotion Now that we’ve adapted existing content into a webinar format, it’s time to make sure we get people to register! Your strategy on this is highly dependent upon three factors: What size audience do you currently have? What segment of your current (or prospective) audience do you want to register? What budget can you allocate toward advertising your webinar? To get eyeballs on the screen, this stage has three steps: Create a landing page. Setup the webinar in your chosen software. Write and schedule your promotional emails (or messages). For our example, we’ll look at promoting to an existing audience. However, here’s a quick note on whether or not to invest in advertising your webinar. To decide if spending money on advertising, you obviously need to forecast what kind of return to expect- also called â€Å"Return on Ad Spend† (ROAS). ROAS is straightforward. To calculate it, simply divide the gross revenue your ad campaign generated by what it cost. So, if your campaign generated $5,000 in gross revenue and you invested $1,000 in ad spend, your ROAS = $5. [] This could also be expressed as 500 percent or a 5:1 ratio. You can also calculate this as revenue minus spend divided by spend. (e.g. $5,000-$1,000 = $4,000 → $4,000/$1,000 = $4 or 4:1.) Of course, if this is your first webinar, you don’t have the benefit of past metrics! As a guideline, when we test advertising on a new channel at , we set a budget of about $20 per day. Then we measure impressions, CTR, and ROAS before investing more heavily. Create A Landing Page Creating landing pages has become something of an art. But their core function is simply to act as a clear signpost and vehicle for conversions. For an in-depth strategy behind creating landing pages, check out this article  we published. For our purposes in this post, we’re going to cover how to set one up using a service like Unbounce  (though there are plenty others to choose from, including Leadpages  or Launchrock). The first thing to understand is that a landing page must include three basic elements: Headline Body Call-to-action Create an Unbounce account, then sign in. Once you’re in, it’s time to click on â€Å"Create New Page† to launch your first landing page: Next, you can opt to design a landing page from scratch- or easier- work from a template. In this case, Unbounce has magical templates designed specifically for webinar promotion. Choose â€Å"Webinar† in the templates column: Next, you’ll find a few pre-designed templates. Click on the one you like (I just went with the first one) from the selection. Then, enter the name of your landing page on the right-hand column of the interface. Then click â€Å"Start With This Template.† Now we’re into the fun stage- designing your page and writing your copy! Unbounce uses a standard WYSIWYG  interface that’s pretty straightforward. You can go as wild as you want here†¦Ã‚  But the bones are adding your headline, your body copy, and creating your CTA. Your flow will depend on your copywriting style. Maybe like you’re like the folks at Copyhackers  and believe you should start with the button  and write backwards from there†¦ Or dive headlong into writing an appetizing headline  like the Copyblogger  team suggests. Whatever your cup-o-tea, knock out your landing page content, then move onto the geeky integrations stuff so your CTA button has a place to send form info. Next, you can integrate your email service with Unbounce. Here are the directions for integrating with four major providers: Campaign Monitor Mailchimp Infusionsoft Constant Contact Now, everyone who opts-in via your landing page can be neatly organized into an email list ready to receive more info about the upcoming show! (If you can also go further in your analytical snooping with a Google Analytics integration  if you want more insight into your visitors.) Step One: âÅ"… Webinar Setup At this stage, we have our webinar content ready to roll. We have a sweet slide deck and a killer landing page hooked into our email service. Now it’s time to setup the webinar itself so you can officially begin promotion. However, this is where people often get hung up. Why? Because there are so many webinar platforms to choose from! In this example, I’ll be using Zoom, the platform we at use. Though there are plenty of solid choices like Livestorm  that you can test run for free. The big deal here is to stick to your basic needs and then jump into the tool. When you’re hosting a webinar, the main technical considerations you need to make are: How many viewers do I need to make room for? Will I be sharing my screen + a webcam feed of myself/presenters? Do I want the ability to record and replay the webinar? Will my viewers want the opportunity to chat, ask questions, and follow links? There are a bunch of other details to think through, but these are the main questions you need to answer so you adequately prep for showtime! Let’s walk through setting up a webinar in Zoom. To start, make sure to grab yourself an account by clicking on the â€Å"Sign up† button in the upper-right. Once you’re in, click â€Å"My Webinars† in the column at left, then the â€Å"Schedule a Webinar† tab at the top of the dashboard. From here, enter the deets like the webinar title, description, date/time, duration, timezone, whether you require viewers to register, and your video settings (these control whether or not viewers can see you and/or your co-hosts). When you scroll down, you’ll see more settings. Select your preferred audio and whether or not your viewers need a password to view (we like to let ‘em view as easily as possible). Also, notice you can choose to have the webinar start recording automatically- this is a really good idea so you don’t accidentally forget to record it. If it’s your first go ‘round, you’ll be surprised at how easy this is to do because you’re focused on so many different things at once. So make it easy on yourself and tick this radio button. And now, polish it off by choosing â€Å"Schedule.† Once scheduled, you’ll see your webinar’s rap sheet. This dashboard displays the info you input as well as your webinar ID (which you’ll want to keep handy for sharing and organization). Additionally, if you plan to reuse these settings, go ahead and select â€Å"Save this Webinar as a Template† for efficiency’s sake. Step Two: âÅ"… Sending Promotional Messages Next, there are two more essential tabs: â€Å"Invite Attendees† and â€Å"Email Settings.† And these bring us into the next step†¦ Sending those promo messages! The important item in the invitation tab is the â€Å"Registration URL.† You’ll want to grab this to share with your email list, on your website, and on your social channels. (And remember, if you selected the setting that requires individuals to register, they’ll need to visit this link to gain access.) The next tab to note is â€Å"Email Settings.† Here you can set reminder emails for everyone who registers. (Or, if you’ve added them to a segmented list via your email tool- like we do- make sure to schedule them now!) This is a great idea because it takes one more detail off your plate- and an important detail at that. So choose your settings using the â€Å"Edit† text to the right of each option. Once your webinar is set up and scheduled, it’s time to roll out the digital red carpet and promote it. Because your webinar may be outside of the norm for your content, I recommend approaching it as its own marketing project. If you’re a r, here’s how to painlessly setup and automate the entire thing! Recommended Reading: The Complete 16-Step Marketing Project Management Process (If you’re not a user, snag a free 14-day trial  to promote the heck out of your webinar and get as many eyeballs on the screen as possible 👀) Now, the promotional channels we use aren’t surprising: Landing page, Website, Email, Social media, Ads, And webinar partners. Landing page: We covered how to set up your landing page- now it’s time to make sure your registration link or email opt-in is correct. This is important because you’ll be sending all of your traffic here to convert traffic into an audience with your stellar CTA! Website: This is one of those, â€Å"Duh†¦ Of course we’ll post about it on our site†¦Ã¢â‚¬  line items. However, in the flurry of promotion, it can be easy to forget about this one until the last minute instead of posting ahead of time. Email: Get the word out through your email list- and get even more effective by listening to our conversation on getting bigger email marketing results  with Kim Courvoisier  from Campaign Monitor. Social media: As with all social media marketing, if you marry solid strategy  with awesome content, you can expect results. Our two favorite tools to make sure we get this right every time are: The free social message optimizer, which optimizes your messages for engagement and traffic. And the best time scheduling  feature, which uses a data-based algorithm to share pre-written social messages at peak-traffic times customized for every network. Ads: If you anticipate your webinar will drive business (which if you’re investing the time, I hope you do!)- test some ads on Google Adwords  or Facebook. Or whichever channel you get the most traction on. If you’re torn on where to allocate budget, here’s a nice breakdown of the difference between Adwords and Facebook ads. Webinar partners: Finally, if you’re co-hosting a webinar with an industry influencer, make sure to give them all relevant details so they can promote it on their channels as well. Also, if you play your cards right, you can use guest blogging  as a promo strategy. Alright, now that you’ve promoted your webinar like a pro, it’s time to execute. Recommended Reading: How to Promote Your Blog With 107 Content Promotion Tactics Step Three: âÅ"… Stage 3: Delivery As with any skill, practice makes perfect. To deliver the best webinar you can, it’s important to rehearse and prepare. To help you prepare well, this stage has five steps: Perform a dry run with your chosen webinar software. Account for show details. Show up early to say hello + press record. Invite questions and prioritize answering them. Log all feedback or unique questions for future use. There are a million articles  and tips  to become a great presenter  out there†¦ However, my favorite thing to do when I want to sharpen my presentation skills (which is always) is to watch phenomenal presenters and learn by example. For example, here’s one of my favorite Seth Godin  talks: Dry Run Once you’re sufficiently inspired, it’s time to login and test out your webinar tool. We’ll continue with Zoom. I suggest creating a test webinar using the steps outlined above. This way you have a pressure-free opportunity to test all of the buttons, features, and potential kinks. When your webinar window launches, you’ll see an interface like this (except with your face instead of mine): Here’s a quick rundown of the controls: Record toggle: This is the button you can select to start, pause, or stop your webinar recording. Mute mic:  This icon will mute your selected audio input- meaning viewers can see you, but they can’t hear you. Video stream control:  If you stop sharing video, a profile picture will be displayed and your audience can still hear you. Essentially, this is like â€Å"muting† video for an audio-only stream. Participant count:  This is the total number of viewers and panelists. (This number includes hosts and co-hosts.) QA box:  The question and answer function allows viewers to ask questions privately, outside of public chat. You then have the option to answer the question â€Å"on air† or privately via â€Å"text.† After the webinar is finished, you can download a log of these questions- which can be super helpful for analyzing how things went! Share screen:  This feature allows you to share your screen rather than your webcam. Remember, this means your audience sees exactly what you see. So ensure any private information like passwords or proprietary information isn’t open. Webinar chat:  This is the public chat available to everyone on the webinar. Additional options:  You will find additional options by clicking on the â€Å"More† icon. These include streaming live on Facebook or YouTube, and sending individual invitations to the webinar-in-progress. Once you’re comfortable with the interface, hit record and run through your presentation. This will allow you to practice your talking points, switch from being on-camera to narrating your slide deck, and then ending the webinar with style. (If you’re really hard core, record your run through and watch it back to make improvements or notes of sticky spots.) Step One: âÅ"… Account For Show Details Now that you’re comfortable in the tool, spend a few minutes double-checking the details. These may include: Recruiting help for chat and QA moderation during the webinar. Setting up your gear in a quiet and well-lit room. Exhibit A: li Have your earbuds or headphones handy to avoid an echo on the webinar audio. Mute your phone and onscreen computer notifications to avoid interruptions. Have your mic ready and plugged in. (You can use the built-in mic or upgrade to something a little nicer like a Samson C01U  like we use at .) If you decide to opt for an external mic, simply select the â€Å"Caret† icon next to â€Å"Mute† and choose your preference beneath the â€Å"Select a Microphone† title. Congrats- you’re ready to webinar with the best of them! PS: Don’t forget hair and makeup 🠤 ¡ Are you ready to webinar with the best of 'em? Get started here:Step Two: âÅ"… Show Up Early + Press Record Our rule of thumb is to log on 15 to 20 minutes early- especially when we’re co-hosting with multiple panelists. This gives us all the ability to ask final questions and ensure everyone’s equipment is working. Then, we take the webinar live about 5 minutes early for some banter with the early comers! This is where you can ask classic webinar questions like: â€Å"Where’s everyone from?† â€Å"How’s the weather where you’re at?† â€Å"What are you hoping to learn today?† â€Å"Can everyone see/hear us okay?† â€Å"What is the meaning of life?† ^ You know, to keep it light. This helps you warm up and connect with your audience while also giving you a final technical check to make sure all systems are go. Just don’t forget to press â€Å"Record† when you officially kick off the webinar. Now, it’ll be (mostly) smooth sailing to the end! Step Three: âÅ"… Invite Questions And Prioritize Answering Them When you’re live in a webinar, you naturally want to watch the clock and make sure you’re getting through your content quickly enough. However, as noted in the talking points template, make sure to give your viewers every chance to ask questions as you can. It’s tempting to plow through your content- especially if you’re running behind. However, webinars give you a unique opportunity to connect directly with your audience. So take it. If people are asking you relevant questions, answer them! (The QA pauses are color coded in green.) Our webinars are untraditional because we’ll even jump out of the deck to answer questions- especially when they're about our product. Never be afraid to rock an impromptu product demo when it makes sense and directly answers your viewers’ questions! Sometimes off-script moments are the best! A framework we use to present content is to always begin with the content our audience most wants to talk about →  then move to the intersection between our desires and theirs →  and finish with what we want to talk about. This way, if you’re going to do a product demo (whether planned or impromptu), it can act as the bridge. This way, you can show how to apply your advice using your product. So your talking points move from left to right over the course of the webinar. This way, you don’t end with a product demo- which often sends drop-off rates through the roof! Pro Tip: If you’re simply overwhelmed with questions and out of time, share your Twitter handle or email address and direct further questions there. In the case of Twitter, you can also have questioners use a unique hashtag (e.g. â€Å"#[webinarname]?†) so everyone interested can search for and find the questions. Step Four: âÅ"… Log Feedback Finally, webinars are a great way to gather feedback for specific content. You can use viewers’ questions and comments for this. And you can also use the â€Å"Poll† feature. This is also a nice way to encourage interactivity midway through your presentation. To use it, click on the â€Å"Poll† icon at the bottom of your presentation window. This will launch a dialog box that allows you to add questions on-the-fly, or select from a pre-made poll. Once you click on â€Å"Add Questions,† a poll-creation page will load in your browser. You can name your poll, write questions, select single or multiple-choice formats, and craft answers for your audience to select from. Once you’re finished, choose â€Å"Save.† Your poll will now be available in your webinar window. And when you’re ready to use it, simply click â€Å"Launch Poll† to collect the data. Anytime you have the chance to gain real-time feedback from your audience, take it. The more insight you have on your audience’s problems, thought processes, and buying motives, the better you can help them- and in turn, position your product or service. Step Five: âÅ"… Way to go! You just knocked out your first (or fiftieth) webinar! Now, do a little dance to celebrate before wrapping up this MVP ðŸ’Æ'🠏 ½Ã°Å¸â€¢ ºÃ°Å¸  ¾ Stage 4: Nurture The final stage of your MVP webinar is short and sweet. It’s all about three things: Following up with a recap email + THANK YOU! Publishing + promoting your webinar replay. Leveraging fresh ideas into new content, projects, and features.

Photo-Montage

Tips for Creating a Better Script for Video/Photo-Montage Although I am a writer, I am also a Voice Talent for webmercials, e-learning, and audiobooks. This week, I have been hired for a real-estate agencys web video, and find myself in a common situation: The person creating the script is not familiar with writing for this medium. Hence, I created a how-to, useful whether you are creating a video-trailer for your book or writing for a corporate website! * TIME (step one) Watchable time is 3 minutes, and most quick web pieces are less. Three two-minute pieces are better than one 6 minute piece; most people click away at 1.5 minutes. 200 words is around 1.5 minutes, so aim for 200-350 words. With that in mind, write down EVERYTHING that you think is important. Read aloud at a medium pace, and time it. Your written piece is probably five minutes. Now prioritize what you think is important, and write those concepts down in bullet form. Note if you like a certain tone (Cheery? Mellow? Dramatic? Authoritarian? Snarky?). * IMAGES (step two) Ask yourself: ==Do I have images for each of my bulleted ideas? Make a note next to your bullets of how many images you have for each and what they look like. Yes, you can write an image into more than one category- although you will not SHOW the image twice, writing it in two places gives you placement options. If there are ideas WITH NO IMAGES, then you need to get some OR decide to use written text (like â€Å"Comes in red as well†) OR save that idea for a later project. ==Do I have enough images for a whole sentence? This is a biggie. Watchable time for each image is 2-3 seconds. Lovely long compound sentences do not work, nor do sentences where the main object or verb is at the end of the sentence - people need to hear information that explains, modifies, colors what they are seeing. ==Which images are strong and should be first? I know it seems bass- ackwards to think about how it looks rather than what you want to say, but this is a visual medium first and foremost - your message is embedded in the images, not the other way around. ==What if I am having a video/photo professional create my images or use my existing images to decide which goes where? Highly recommended. HOWEVER, you should still have a notion of what KIND of images best show your idea and what kind of image might be a most-compelling initial visual! * SEQUENCE (step three) Start and end with the strongest images. Which ideas do they match on your bullet sheet? You may have to do some realigning of ideas and images, and that is okay. The strongest image/concept-clump is now first. What should come next? The second section is often a lesser point. In general, organize your sequence with main points separated * SCRIPT! (step four) Remember- SHORT AND SWEET. How can you talk about your ideas beautifully, dynamically and succinctly? Remember, each slide will only be 2 or 3 seconds and that your total time is 1.5 to 2.5 minutes. Now touch base with your visual artist (if you have one). As an expert in the visuals, s/he will tweak your concept to give the piece have your tone and tell an interesting story. * REVISIT/REVISE (final step) Your video-photo person will send you the piece for alterations. Send back your thoughts with any script changes, then wait for the final awesome project!!

Week 5 DQ 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 5 DQ 2 - Assignment Example Sharing and appreciation of valuable information has now become so easy. Technology that has paved way for the creation of virtual world via consecutive phases of up gradation is now admired as a heavenly blessing for mankind. Talking about workers’ perspectives, gone are the days when people had to bear the stressful 9 to 5 timings of office life (Baack, 2012). They can now peacefully step in the welcoming and opportunity rich environment of the virtual arena. They can now mint money via definite desirable flexibility of working on their own terms. The con of this virtual resource of employment is that the dependability of technology is not much sustained. A breakdown of power supply can result in hefty losses of income and reputation. Multi technical complexities and setbacks can also often arise without expertise to sort them out. Physical absence can also serve as a great hurdle in the employee’s productivity as it provokes more towards miscommunication. However, Te chnology has innumerable advantages. Within an unimaginable time lapse, accurate condensed information across the world can be attained regarding multiple factors, enabling efficient decision-making. The virtual world saves hefty travelling costs and valuable time, therefore providing ornamental profits to any business. Technological advancements such as the internet, teleconferencing and email has impacted the virtual organizations in quite a positive manner and are the main reasons due to which virtual organizations have become so well known (Chmiel,

Artist Statement (Describe all the photos with the following Essay

Artist Statement (Describe all the photos with the following sugestion) - Essay Example Natural or not, they still share the same colors. The imagery conveys the themes quite clearly since when the images are laid next to one another the colors can easily be seen and compared. Blues and silvers are similar throughout each photo. The framing and composition does not have any affects on the work. Each photo regardless of how the photo is framed contains similar theme since each photo represents life in some way. The photos are very straight forward and do not have too much going on. Each photo is simple and easily portrays the photographed object without having to guess what the object is. The photos are clear and easy to see, which makes the themes easy to figure out. The colors in the photos have many cool earth tones. There are few hot colors. The color creates a soothing affect in the imagery that makes the viewer feel relaxed. Some of the images are very sharp. The images that are taken from a further distance are sharper then images taken close up. The photographer can adjust the lens according to distance to improve the sharpness of the

Seiu-Caw Dispute Essay Example for Free

Seiu-Caw Dispute Essay I do not believe it had such a big effect on democracy as even when the vote was held 10,000 workers voted 92% in favor of joining the CAW which shows that democracy was still implemented by them holding a vote and 92% wanting to join the CAW. 3. Some of the damages the Canadian labour union might suffer due to disputes such as this are international alliances between unions could be hurt if the international unions are not able to trust their locals for support and their backing in all situations. Also with more Canadian unions starting to move toward national unions instead of international unions disputes such as this might slow the switch down once they see the challenges and possible repercussions they face from breaking away from the international unions. Disputes like this can also have an effect on gaining new members into unions and many individuals may see these disputes as unwanted and something can occur if they join a union which might persuade them to not consider joining. 5. National autonomy from International parent unions has to deal with local unions gaining independence to make their own decisions, apart from the decisions being made by a parent union outside the country which usually does not understand the demands and wants of the local union members and uses strategies and polices that are effective in their country which might not be effective in Canada. A local union can gain autonomy from their International parent by instituting and governing some of their own policies that are more representative of the local members that they represent. A local union can also join a district labour council which functions to advance the interests of the labour movement at the local and municipal level whereas the international parent union probably does not understand the issue at the local level. If the local union implements these strategies they can enjoy some autonomy from their international parent union while still enjoying some of the benefits of the parent union such as the specialists they usually have in different areas such as bargaining and grievances and in training programs available to their members.

I Corinthians 6:12-13 :: Christianity Christian Biblical Essays

I Corinthians 6:12-13 "Everything is permissible for me" — but not everything is beneficial. "Everything is permissible for me" — but I will not be mastered by anything. "Food for the stomach and the stomach for the food" — but God will destroy them both. The body is not meant for sexual immorality, but for the Lord, and the Lord for the body (NIV). The broadest of freedom is being able to do what you want, when you want to do it, and wherever and however you want to do it. Freedom is being able to control our lives to do what pleases us, or what we think is going to give us the highest amount of pleasure. It is the freedom to choose anything, without any restrictions, and it is what every single person wants. But there is a more narrow form of freedom, the freedom to choose, not just anything, but the right thing. I believe this was the case in the church in Corinth concerning this passage. The church in Corinth was a young church that Paul established when he was there and was having problems with their new-found freedom. The Corinthian Christians were not sure which laws, if any, applied to them because of the freedom from the law they have in Jesus. The letter was written to the church to advise them on how to handle the problems. Some problems were spiritual arrogance, wrong-doings against other believers, sexual immorality, and misunderstanding on Christian beliefs. In these two verses, 1 Corinthians 6:12-13, Paul is addressing the immorality of their sexual practices. The city of Corinth is a sex-crazed society, where sex outside marriage is lawful, but not in God's law. Mathew Henry comments, "the maxim of lawful liberty to countenance the sin of fornication, though it might be allowed by the Corinthian laws, was a trespass upon the law of nature, and utterly unbecoming a Christian" (page #). Their freedom is under a new standard of law. Our bodies are the only thing we have 100 per cent control of when it comes to what we do with our bodies, not even God has control of it. In this passage Paul is saying that I can choose to do whatever I want, regardless, but not everything I choose is good for me. I have control over all my choices, but I won't allow my choices to control me. Paul makes an analogy of the food and its relationship to the

The Divine Command Theory

A. Statement- or claim is an assertion that something is or is not the case; it is either true or B. Argument- an argument is a group of statements, one of which is supposed to be supported by the rest. In an argument the supporting statements are known as premises; the statement being supported is known as a conclusion. C. Indicator Words- are terms that often appear in arguments and signal that a premise or conclusion may be nearby. Arguments Good and Bad 1. Deductive arguments- are supposed to give logically conclusive support to their conclusions. 2. Inductive arguments- are supposed to offer only probable support for their conclusions. 3. Valid arguments- a deductive argument that does in fact provide logically conclusive support for its conclusion. 4. Invalid argument- a deductive argument that does not offer logically conclusive support for the conclusion. 5. Strong argument- an inductive argument that manages to actually give probable support to the conclusion. 6. Weak argument- an inductive argument that does not give probable support to the conclusion. 7. Sound argument- valid argument with true premises.  8. Cogent argument- strong argent with true premises. Moral Statements and Arguments A. Moral Statement- is a statement affirming that an action is right or wrong or that a person is good or bad. B. Nonmoral Statements- is a statement that does not affirm that an action is right or wrong or that a person is good or bad. Avoiding Bad Arguments 1. Begging the question- is the fallacy of arguing in a circle that is trying to use a statement as both a premise in an argument and the conclusion of that argument. 2. Equivocation- assigns two different meanings to the same term in an argument. 3. Appeal to authority- the fallacy of relying on the opinion of someone thought to be an expert who is not. 4. Slippery slope- the fallacy of using dubious premises to argue that doing a particular action will inevitably lead to other actions that will result in disaster, so you should not do that first action. 5. Faulty analogy- is arguing by an analogy that is weak. 6. Appeals to ignorance- fallacy consists of arguing that the absence of evidence entitles us to believe a claim. 7. Straw man- misrepresenting someone’s claim or argument so it can be more easily refuted. 8. Appeal to the person- is arguing that a claim should be rejected solely because of the characteristics of the person who makes it. 9. Hasty generalization- the fa llacy of drawing a conclusion about an entire group of people or things based on an undersized sample of the group. Summary This chapter was about the different types of evaluating moral arguments. The section that I thought was most interesting was the section when the author started to talk about moral statements and arguments. I agreed with what the author had to say when he said a moral statement affirming that an action is right or wrong or that a person is good or bad. Like when a person lies they know that they have done something wrong without someone telling them. That is basically what this whole chapter about.

Source related work on Prohibition

Both pictures were produced at the beginning of the 20th Century and were probably produced/intended as propaganda. The picture source C was published in the 1910 and was possibly produced by the Anti Saloon League or the Women's Christian Temperance Union. These were pressure groups, which wanted to ban the use of alcohol due to the negative effects of alcohol. Source C is a double picture, a background picture and a foreground picture. It is a double picture to show the two sides of people who get affected by alcohol. The background picture is a saloon and the main characters stand out more than anyone on both pictures. The main characters are the barman and the customer. These are in the middle of the picture to emphasise it. The expression on the barman's face is pleased because he is making a large income whereas the customer's expression looks as if he is inebriated. This shows he has already had a lot to drink and wants more alcohol. The customer is a paying a sack of money to the barman labelled ‘weeks wages' to show many people like him are wasting all their money on booze. This is making him and his family poor. At the top of the picture is a sarcastic phrase â€Å"The poor mans club† which is in big bold writing to stand out to readers. The phrase means that all the men in the club are gradually becoming poor when they go to the saloon bar time after time. The second part of the heading is â€Å"The most expensive in the world to belong to. This is not as big and bold as the phrase but it still makes a very clear point about the saloon. This is that if you go to the saloon, you will be robbed of all your money. The foreground picture is of a very poor women and her young child in a dirty room. She looks deprived and the child seems like he does not know what's happening. The sentence above says â€Å"The saloon is well named ‘The poor mans club' It keeps its members and families always poor.† This is a very effective line, which means the saloons take all your money and keeps you r families poor. The main point of this picture is that drinking and buying alcohol is harming families and this is the emotional part of the picture. This picture is obviously for prohibition and most likely produced by pressure groups. This picture is detailed and aimed at the rich people. Source D is a poster published in 1915. It is a single picture of two children, a girl and a younger boy standing outside a saloon. You can tell this by the swinging doors. At the top of the picture is a bold heading saying â€Å"Daddy's in there† showing that he has left his children to go in the saloon bar. This means that he spends most of his money on alcohol instead of on his family. Underneath the picture says â€Å"And our shoes and stacking and food are in the saloon too, and they'll never come out.† This means that the money spent in the saloon should be used to buy more important things like food and clothes. The girl is aware of what is happening, as she is older whereas the boy is too young to realise what is happening. Immediately from looking at the picture and reading the heading's you can tell it is for prohibition. The picture is bare compared to source C as this is aimed at the poor working people as this poster is more obvious than the other one. This is also an emotional picture but the image is to make you think. At that time the picture had to be basic as the poor people had no education and this poster was ideal for them. Both pictures/posters were published before the time of prohibition, which suggests that they only assume that the outcome would be successful. These posters are made by pressure groups making it more likely that they are biased as not every family where in this situation. Source D is a more realistic than C, but source C is very detailed and obvious whereas D is vague.

How to Write a Limerick

How to Write a Limerick You might need to write a limerick for an assignment, or you may want to learn the art just for fun or to impress a friend. Limericks are fun  -   they usually have a bit of a twist and a perhaps a silly element. And best of all, they can be a great way to express how clever and creative you can be! The Elements of a Limerick A limerick contains five lines. In this mini-poem, the first, second, and fifth lines rhyme, and the third and fourth lines rhyme. Here is an example: There once was a student named Dwight,Who slept only three hours a night.He dozed in the classroomAnd snoozed in the bathroom,So Dwight’s college options are slight. There is also a certain rhythm to a limerick that makes it unique. The meter, or the number of beats (stressed syllables) per lines, is 3,3,2,2,3. For example, in the second line, the three stressed points are slept, three, and night. The syllabification is (usually) 8,8,5,5,8, but there is some variation in this. In the limerick above, there are actually 6 syllables in the third and fourth lines. How to Write Your Own Limerick To write your own limerick, begin with a person and/or a place. Make sure that one or both of them are easy to rhyme. For your first try, start with â€Å"there once was† and finish the first line with five more syllables. Example: There once was a boy from Cancun. Now think of a feature or an event and write a line that ends in a word that rhymes with Cancun, such as: Whose eyes were as round as the moon. Next, skip to the fifth line, which will be the final line that includes the twist or punch line. What are some of your rhyming word choices? There are many. BalloonRaccoonSpoonmaroon Try to think up something funny or clever to say and write a line that will end with one of your rhyming words. (You will find that the two short lines in the middle are easy to come up with. You can work on those last.) Here is one possible result: There once was a boy from Cancun,Whose eyes were as round as the moon.That wasn’t so bad,But the nose that he hadWas as long and as flat as a spoon. Have fun!

Composing a Brilliant Who Am I Essay

Composing a Brilliant Who Am I Essay How to Compose a Brilliant Who Am I Essay When it comes to creating a Who Am I essay many students may find themselves at a loss. Though this paper may seem to be easier to compose in comparison with essay on History or Linguistics, it requires time and writing skills as well. To come up with a brilliant autobiographical essay you ought to be aware of essay structure fundamentals. Furthermore, you should be able to narrow this topic and pick up the most suitable ideas to expose in your paper. In addition, essay format turns out to have a large impact on your overall success. Who Am I Essay Writing Ideas and Hints As it was mentioned above, writing ideas are of vital importance when composing this kind of essay. Indeed, if they are developed properly, they may help you to describe your Character; Interests; Values; Skills; Achievements. Furthermore, it must be noted that writing essay about yourself does not imply that you should mention your strong points only. You may write about your weak points as well. It may even help you to make your essay more convincing and realistic. Guidelines on Creating a Nice Paper about Yourself If you want your autobiographical paper to be complete, catching and well-reasoned, follow the guidelines presented below: Work out a detailed plan for your essay about yourself. Think over the facts to present. Write about things, which may be intriguing for other people. Don’t present a chronological list of events. Structure your essay in line with the academic requirements. Create a draft of your autobiographical essay. Rewrite it and double check for errors. Who Am I Essay Structure Another constituent of your success, while fulfilling this written task, is sure to be proper structuring. You need to keep in your mind that your essay should contain the following integral parts: The Introductory part, where you ought to mention every issue you are going to present in your Who Am I essay. The essential body. Here you should describe yourself and draw a portrait of yourself. A small summary. In this section, it is necessary to sum up everything you’ve exposed in your autobiographical essay. If you happen to have doubts concerning your structuring skills, WritingBee.com is always ready to assist. Let our first-rate and qualified writers supply you with an ideally structured autobiographical paper. Professional Who Am I Essay Writing Assistance If you find this kind of assignment to be challenging, nerve-racking and difficult, you shouldn’t torture yourself. WritingBee.com appears to offer efficient and qualified essay writing assistance, which is available 24/7. All you need to do is to complete an order form and give us clear instructions to follow. Afterwards, our experienced writers will provide you with a matchless, well-reasoned and properly organized paper. Place your order now and enjoy a considerable discount.

Team building and small business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Team building and small business - Essay Example The present study would focus on the concept of team building. Team building and self directed workers within the business industry have penetrated over the years. Many businesses around the world are incorporating the issue of team building their business development. The philosophy behind team work suggests that business managers mash workers into groups that work cohesively in order to achieve business objectives. If team members are not to be cohesive they will fail to work and lessen business activities, and a non productive team fails to bring benefits to the organization and can easily lead to the collapse of business. It is for that reason; that managers are accountable for all factors that ensure that the teams are well managed for effective business production. Successful business managers know that building a team spirit is the core for small business development. Team building is based on the daily routines that occur within the small business. Good business team just doe s not occur on their own they are built by business managers. The notion of building and growing a well structured team is critical to the ongoing survival of a small business. This means that the process of coming up with a strong team that can work positively towards achieving the business objectives, leads to development of small business. For the business managers, to develop a good team they have to consider performance of each individual as they work to achieve business objectives.... Secondly balancing short term results against long term capabilities, and growth opportunities, third balance performance expectations, and lastly balancing the motives of human behavior. Small business Sustaining business development means adopting business strategies and activities than the need to meet the attainments of the business, and all its stake holders which lead to sustaining and enhancing the resources that will be needed in the future. Research studies show that successful business managers do share certain character traits (Stokes, 2006). These character traits do help them take control of their small business, and to ensure that these businesses flourish with a lot of success. These small business managers apply different marketing strategies to ensure that they get the target market for their goods. For them to achieve a better marketing strategy they need to plan and set target goals after which they implement the planned strategy (Fuller, 2006). For these to take p lace successfully the small business thus requires a well built growing team that is critical to the ongoing process of the small business, therefore, this paper evaluates the statements that building and growing a well structured team is critical to the ongoing survival of a small business Small business face numerous challenges due to in effective management making the business not to fit in the difficult challenging markets and cope with the growth patterns in the market. These challenges are normally influenced by the following challenges (Wickhalm 2006). Inadequate accounting systems Poor location Lack of marketing skills Lack of a capital budget Inadequate provision for contingencies Lack of management skills Excessive inventory Incompetence

Activity Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Activity Evaluation - Essay Example mining whether the available resources in a program have been efficiently utilized towards the end of meeting the set goals/ objectives while also importantly helping the one undertaking the evaluation to enhance the program especially by learning from the successes and correcting any mistakes that may have occurred during the implementation process (one gets to understand what is working and what aspects need reconsidering). Evaluation, just like the planning of health education is a continuous process and not a one-off affair that warrants continued revisions and updates. My activity evaluation of the project embraced more of a multi-pronged approach where several various methods were utilized to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the implemented regime. In my endeavors, I employed various evaluation instruments such as interviews, questionnaires and data comparisons pre-and-post-implementation, all in attempts of conducting thorough process evaluation, impact evaluation and outcome evaluation. I collected feedback from the community regarding the health education program that had been implemented and the financial aid measures enforced therewith. I used a prepared check-list to determine whether the activities were being conducted as planned for process evaluation. For impact evaluation, I researched on behavior variations that are taking place as a consequence of the implemented activities, and also sought to know whether level of knowledge regarding Alzheimer’s had improved over time. In this very vein also, I desired to know whether a favorable attitude had been developed from our implementation, if a required skill had been instilled and if a harmful belief had been vanquished. I encountered a few challenges regarding outcome evaluation as I felt it required a bit more time to fully assess and stake claim on long-term changes as a doing of the program implementation. I was also unfortunately unable to completely, in such a short time, state the

Ecological Footprint Calculator Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ecological Footprint Calculator - Assignment Example beef from a properly grazed cow can both be qualified as meat, but their production, development and preparation all have serious impacts on one’s ecological footprint. The quiz also lacked clarity at certain points. One question had to do with how much trash I generate. This question is easy to answer at first, but after some thought it actually becomes quite difficult. Do items recycled and composted count as trash? The quiz does not answer this question. Nor are there further questions relating composting and recycling. I can only cite the example of my own family. In our case, my mother would frequently refer to recyclable containers as trash, even though we used the environmentally friendly method to dispose of them. If other Americans use the same language as was used in my household, this particular question may produce skewed results and leave people with a very inaccurate perception of their ecological footprint. Ultimately the quiz does what it’s supposed to do. The Footprint Network is an organization designed to promote environmentally friendly lifestyles. It does this by giving you a result that projects your ecological footprint (however inaccurate it may be) and then listing ways you can improve your lifestyle to better the entire planet. However, it would be more useful for the website to give you a more accurate appraisal of your environmental situation. These are problems that could easily be fixed by introducing a new level of clarity to the questions

Economic Growth Determinants And Models | Literature Review

Economic Growth Determinants And Models | Literature Review Introduction Economic growth is one of the most important fields in economics. Since sustained economic growth is the most important determinant of living standards, there is no more important issue challenging the research efforts of economists than to understand the causes of economic growth. Human capital has been identified as a key stimulus of economic growth. In fact, it can never be overemphasized that human capital is the engine of growth of an economy. No nation can develop beyond its investment in education in particular. Growth economists in affirmation have explained that the differences in the per capita income of countries cannot be explained in isolation from the differences in human capital development. Health and education are both components of human capital and contributors of human welfare. Numerous economists research their relevance in the economic growth and tried to incorporate human capital in the growth model. While some researchers take a Keynesian route and stress on the demand factors, other researchers follow the neoclassical route and emphasis the role of factor supplies in growth. Human Capital in the form of education It is equally important to effectively and efficiently measure the human capital with the perceiving importance of human capital. Since, human capital is considered as a synonym of knowledge embedded in all levels such as an individual, an organizations and a nation, education is the primary element in the measurement of human capital. Some economists attempted to measure the stock of human capital utilizing â€Å"school enrollment rates† as a proxy of human capital. Through the study of 129 countries for a time period 1960 to 1985, Barro and Lee, 1993 concluded that female education stimulates the acquisition of human capital through children. A fact is in accordance with the findings of De Tray, 1773 and Becker and Lewis, 1973. Barro and Lee reconcile their findings with the conclusion of De Long and Summers (1992) with the belief that â€Å"perhaps the true key is to have educated women working with machines†. (Barro and Lee, 1991, p29). However, the study of Kyriacou in 1991 concluded a negative and insignificant correlation between years of schooling in labour force and future growth. One of the possible explanations for this result is the link between human capital and subsequent growth of technology was ignored. The method of using school enrollment rates is criticized as student’s effec tiveness can be recognized after participating in production activities. Nehru, Swanson, and Dubey (1993) attempted to measure relationship between human capital and studentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ â€Å"accumulated years of schooling† in the employable age as educational attainment. Their approach to measure human capital is similar to that of Lau, Jairison, and Louat( 1991), Psacharopolous and Arriagada (1986,1992). The results show a positive relationship between education stock and its influence on income per capita. They also concluded that there is a high correlation between education stock and other human capital indicators and hence justify the usage of this variable as a proxy for human capital. Nevertheless, they note that there is a problem with the estimates of education stock due to repeaters and dropout rates. The weakness in the study pertains to education stock estimation as they are â€Å"based on sparse data of uneven quality†( Nehru, Swanson, and Dubey,1993, p8). Romer (1990) suggested the ratio between skilled-adults and total ad ults to measure the stock of human capital in the national economy. Another approach to measure human capital is through the returns which an individual obtains from a labour market throughout education investment. Mulligan and Sala-i-Martin (1995) defines that aggregate human capital is the sum of quality adjustment of each individual’s labor force, and presents the stock of human capital utilizing an individual’s income. Their belief was that the â€Å"quality of a person would be related to the wage rate he receives in the marketplace†( Mulligan and Sala-i-Martin, 1995, p.2). This measure called the Labour –Income –Based is a measurement of human capital calculated through wage rate. Though this study, it was noted that the usage of average years of schooling as a measurement could be misleading since economists could interpret the increase in income in 1980s independent of human capital accumulation due to the dispersion of average years of schooling. Human capital in the form of Health A large body of literature has established that investment in education pay off in the form of higher future earnings. However, the demerit of the conventional measurement of the human capital is the disregard to qualitative benefits of human capital such as health, fertility rate, child mortality. Given the importance of â€Å"health capital† for education and earnings (Grossman, 2000; Case, Fertig, and Paxson, 2005; Currie and Madrian, 1999; Smith, 1999), it is possible that poor health has an impact on education and hence on economic status. Many health shocks can affect human capital and productivity, both in the short-run (Strauss and Thomas, 1998; Currie and Stabile, 2006) and the long-run (Cunha and Heckman, 2007; Currie and Hyson, 1999)( Joshua Graff Zivin and Matthew Neidell, 2013). The World Health Organization’s Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (2001) claims the following. â€Å"Improving the health and longevity of the poor is an end in itself, a fun damental goal of economic development. But it is also a means to achieving the other development goals relating to poverty reduction. The linkages of health to poverty reduction and long-term economic growth are powerful, much stronger than is generally understood.† Despite the importance of health capital, the empirical literature of the effects of health on economic growth is relatively thin. Recent experimental or quasi-experimental studies, such as Thomas and Frankeberg (2002) and Thomas et al. (2003) have found that specific health sector interventions help recipients raise earnings significantly, and general indicators of health and nutrition status are significant predictors of economic success. At macroeconomic level, several researches support the positive contribution of health on economic growth. Barro (1996b), Bloom and Canning (2003), Bloom, Canning, and Sevilla (2004) and Gyimah-Brempong and Wilson (2004) find that health capital indicators have desirable influence on aggregate output. For the countries in their sample, about one-fourth of economic growth was attributable to improvements in health capital, and improvements in health conditions equivalent to one more year of life expectancy are associated with higher growth of up to 4 percentage points per year. The following table summarises the finding of macroeconomic studies with health. Source: J. Hartwig / Journal of Macroeconomics 32 (2010) 314–325 According to Weil (2007, p. 1295 and 2005, pp. 153–161), health’s positive effect on GDP is strongest among poor countries. The existing evidence on whether health capital formation has an impact on economic growth gives a mixed response. Some papers such as Heshmati (2001), Rivera and Currais (1999a, 1999b, 2003, 2004) accept the significance of health capital formation for economic growth in OECD countries. However, Knowles and Owen (1995, 1997) as well as McDonald and Roberts (2002) reject the hypothesis that life expectancy is a statistically significant explanatory variable for productivity growth in high income countries. IN fact, Bhargava et al. (2001) and Acemoglu and Johnson (2007) estimated a negative effect of adult survival rate on economic growth for US, France and Switzerland. Some studies have associated fertility rate and child mortality with human capital. The best known study between population growth and development is Kuznets (1967). His study found a positive correlation between growth rates of population and income per capita within broad country groupings, which he interpreted as evidence of a lack of a negative causal effect of population growth on income growth. However, Kelley (1988) found no correlation between population growth and growth of income per capita, and similarly no relationship between population growth and saving rates. Summarizing many other studies, he concluded that the evidence documenting a negative effect of population growth on economic development was weak or nonexistent. Becker et al. (1990) associated endogenous fertility and a rising rate of return on human capital as the stock of human capital increases. Their analysis discusses the importance of investment of human capital and the impact of family sizes and birth rates. They concluded that â€Å"societies with limited human capital choose large families and invest little in each member; those with abundant human capital do the opposite † ( Becker et al., 1990, p.35). Weil et al.(2012) found that a reduction in fertility rate will increase GDP per capita income by an economically significant amount. This result is similar to the findings of Bloom and Canning (2008) who have regressed the growth rate of income per capita on the growth rate of the working-age fraction of the population, and have gotten a positive and significant coefficient. The high growth of working age fraction is the result of fertility reductions; it can be seen as showing the economic benefits of reduced fertility. Growth Models Being one of the most important determinants of living standards, economic growth is among the most important issue challenging the research efforts of economists. Many adopted the neoclassical growth approach to study economic growth. The neoclassical growth model emphasizes the role of factor supplies in growth as it seeks to undermine the long-run economic growth rate determinant through the accumulation of factor inputs such as physical capital and labour. Over time, human capital was introduced in the growth model. The concept of capital in the neoclassical model has been broadened from physical goods to include human capital in the form of education, training and experience. In the early 1960s, Schultz initiated the human capital revolution in economic thought. He claimed that â€Å"This knowledge and skill are in great part the product of investment and, combined with other human investment, predominantly account for the productive superiority of the technically advanced countries. To omit them in studying economic growth is like trying to explain Soviet ideology without Marx.†(Schultz, 1961, p.3). Exogenous growth model In general, there are two basic frameworks that seek to understand the relationship between human capital and economic growth. The first approach is through the exogenous growth model adopted by Nelson and Phelps (1966). The exogenous growth model has its origin form the Solow growth model. The crux of this model is the aggregate production function written in the general form: Y = F (A, K, L), Where output is explained as being a function of technology, A in addition to capital (K) and labour (L). In 1957, after a study of 40 years of growth, Robert Solow concluded that â€Å"it is possible to argue that about one-eighth of the total increase is traceable to increased capital per man hour, and the remaining seven-eighths to technical change† (Solow 1957, p316). The Solow growth model assumes a constant growth rate of productivity, g Y = A0 egt KÃŽ ± L1-ÃŽ ±. This implies that the growth in income in income is determined by productivity growth, g and growth of capital per worker. However, Solow left technological progress unspecified. Moreover, the model assumption of market competitiveness, constant returns to scale lead to further study of the model. In his seminal paper, Nelson and Phelps (1966) related how level of human capital stock is an indirect determinant of economic growth. They concluded that â€Å"the usual, straightforward insertion of some index of educational attainment in the production function may constitute a gross misspecification of the relation between education and the dynamics of production.† (Nelson and Phelps, 1966, p.75) They believe that stock of human capital determines the economic capacity of a nation to innovate, which in turn lead to economic growth. Education and training facilitate the implementation and usage of new techniques makes an economy technologically progressive and more productive. Henceforth, incentives to innovate and market structures necessary for research and development have become important in theories for growth. The Schumpeterian growth literature revived this doctrine. The Schumpeterian theory explains that â€Å"current innovators exert positive knowledge spillovers on subsequent innovators as in other innovation-based models, but where current innovators also drive out previous technologies-, generates predictions and explains facts about the growth process that could not be accounted for by other theories.†(Aghion et al, 2013, p.35) The empirical literature on technical diffusion has been growing. The role of human capital in facilitating technological is supported by Welch (1975), Bartel and Lichtenberg (1987) and Foster and Rosenzweig (1995). The significant spill-overs are documented by the survey of Griliches (1992). Benhabib and Spiegel (1994), using cross-country data, investigate the Nelson-Phelps hypothesis and conclude that technology spillovers flow from leaders to followers, and that the rate of the flow depends on levels of education. As a matter of fact, a great deal of study seeks to analyse the relationship between level of education and technological diffusion and this affects economic growth. Some examples will be Islam (1995), Temple (1999), Krueger and Lindahl (2001), Pritchett, Klenow and Rodriguez-Clare (1997), Hall and Jones (1999), Bils and Klenow (2000), Duffy and Papageorgiou (2000), and Hanushek and Kimko (2000). (Jess Benhabib and Mark M. Spiegel, 2002) Endogenous growth model The second approach is the endogenous growth model inspired by Gary Becker’s human capital theory (1964) which directly links human capital to economic growth. The basic idea behind Becker’s view is that growth is driven by human capital accumulation. Nobel laureate Robert Lucas presented an endogenous growth model in which the engine of growth is the human capital. He added â€Å"what Schultz (1963) and Becker (1964) call human capital to the model, doing so in a way that is very close technically lo similarly motivated models of Arrow (1962), Uzawa (1965)and Romer (1986)† ( Lucas, 1988. p.17). He assumed that individuals choose to allocate time to current production or schooling based on increases in productivity and wages in the future due to the current investment of time in education. Lucas model can be summarized in Y = Kß(UH)1-ß, Where H represents the current human capital stock of the individual and U is the fraction of time allocated to current production and K is the per capita stock of physical capital. Human capital growth model Over time, with numerous studies on human capital, different variables were included in the growth equation as a measurement of human capital. Drawing upon Mankiw et al. (1992), Barro (1996a, 1996b), Bassanini and Scarpetta (2001), Bloom et al. (2004) and Gyimah-Brempong and Wilson (2004), the following growth equation was modelled in the Baldacci, Clements, Gupta and Cui (2008) paper on Social Spending, Human Capital, and Growth in Developing Countries. The growth equation is based on the framework of neoclassical growth augmented by the inclusion of education capital, ed, health capital, he, investment ratio, sk and denotes the set of macro and institutional control variable such as the fiscal balance, inflation rate, trade openness, and governance that augment the baseline specification of the model. Moreover, it is assumed that there is a relationship between the initial stock and increment in human capital with per capita GDP growth, g. The baseline growth model was as follows: Where git is real capita per income growth, 1i and 1t denote the country-specific effect and period-specific effect, respectively, Ln (yit-1) is the lagged logarithm of per capita income to control for the expected reduction in growth rates as per capita incomes rise and there is convergence to steady growth rates; Skit denotes the investment ratio, Edit refers to the stock of education capital, which is proxy by the sum of the gross primary and secondary enrollment rate, Ed refers to changes in education capital, Heit refers to the stock of health capital, and he refers to changes in health capital, mit consists of control variables and uit is the error term.   Ã‚   Japanese in Brazil: Asian-zing Brazil Japanese in Brazil: Asian-zing Brazil Wendy Do   As a country of a very diverse population, Brazil has experienced the influx of a variety of races and ethnicities throughout the course of history. As a result, Brazil continues to experience extreme cultural syncretism and assimilation. Nearing the end of the nineteenth century, the world saw Brazil as a country with a high degree of miscegenation (Schwarcz 3); immigration is one of the major cause for this. From the discovery of Brazil in the 16th century to its colonization by Pedro Alvares Cabral and onward, Brazil has been a country of immigrants. One country in particular, Japan, started emigration to Brazil in the early 20th century. Most people would not expect Brazil to contain the largest Japanese immigration population. My thesis is that: Japanese immigrations initially sought relief from the Meiji Restoration and chose Brazil due to their increasing demand for laborers, but over time established a huge community which to their settlement. In this essay, I will discuss th e initial reason for the Japaneses immigration to Brazil, the impacts of these migrants, and the reaction of the Brazilians and Japanese to the migrants. This will demonstrate the impact of an Asian immigration society in Brazil and how it contributed to the diverse population due to racial formation. Before the Portuguese settled in Brazil, the majority of the population was of indigenous groups. As described in detail in Schwartzs work, when the Portuguese first arrived, they encountered various Indian groups and made an agreement where they decided that they needed to civilize the indigenous (Graham, W1D2). While the two groups of the Jesuits and the Portuguese settlers disagreed in ways to civilize the indigenous, they both believed in slavery. As indigenous groups were forced into slavery, they faced many risks including, overcrowding in their communities called aldeais and diseases that killed them at alarming rates (Graham, W1D2). Before the Portuguese arrived, the population of Indians capped around five million but by the 1950s, the population decreased to one hundred twenty thousand (Graham, W1D2). This not only led the devastation of the ingenious population, but increased the demand for labor. This trend would later contribute to the Japanese immigration to Brazil. How ever, before the Japanese, the substitution of indigenous slavery with African slave labor made its way. Brazil had a slave economy where one product dominated Brazils export for most of the slave period from 1550-1888 (Graham, W2D2). This began with the Donatorio Captaincies which were awarded by the crown in Portugal in order to protect interests in Brazil. The awards gave the Portuguese courtiers and soldiers, who bore the title of captain, to have the right of taxation, justice, administration, and the privileges to promote settlement and economic development (Schwartz 13) in Brazil. This marked the beginning of the Portuguese settlement which would evolve into plantations. The Coffee Cycle, is the period we will be focusing on, which took place from the 1830s to the 20th century. Coffee was expanding and slavery was abolished in the 1880s (Graham, W2D2) which led to a need for laborers. According to Schwarcz, from the beginning of the coffee plantations, the owners have contracted with workers in their home countries and engaging in acts such as loaning them money for travel costs, housing, or other expenses (8). With this being said, it can be noted that the Japanese were viewed more as an indentured servant, but eventually grew in status and recognition. The previous events mentioned have contributed to the diverse population in Brazil through: the indigenous already living there, the settlement of the Portuguese, the African slavery, and immigration from other countries. Many intellectuals, politicians, and cultural and economic leaders saw [] immigration as improving an imperfect nation that has been tainted by the history of Portuguese colonialism and African slavery (Lesser, 2013, 2). With the end of slavery, planters have encouraged their state and federal government to seek Europeans in order to replace their slaves in the massive coffee economy. By 1888, thousands of immigrants poured into Sao Paul (the largest group being the Italians); however, these white immigrants believed the elites of Brazil had created a system that gave them an inability to move out of low status. This created immigrant-led protests against labor and social conditions and the deportation of Italian for anarchism (Lesser, 1999, 82), so Brazil sought fo r a more submissive group. Japanese diplomat, Sho Nemoto mentioned in a later signed treaty that Brazil would be a country where Japanese immigrants could be perfectly settled and we could improve our standard of living, buy property, educate our children, and live happily' (Lesser, 1999, 82). Correlating with the Meiji governments interest in emigration of Japan, this seemed like the perfect option for the Japanese to immigrate to Brazil. The reasons for Japaneses immigration are laid out as: Brazilians needed more labor due to the abolishment of slavery, Japans Meiji government created a period of modernization where peasants become hungry and restless; the encouraged emigration in Japan, and the establishment of colonies by previous Japanese. The first reason why the Japanese migrated to Brazil was because Brazil was seeking a new labor group to fill in as laborers. They saw Japanese immigrants as a ready solution from their previous disappointment with the European replacements; in addition, this could also help foster a relationship between Japan and Brazil in relation to trading. The first Brazil-Japanese treaty was then signed in 1895, where Brazil would see a rapid increase in Japanese labor (Lesser 84). In addition between 1908 and 1941, about one-hundred ninety thousand Japanese immigrants would settle in Brazil (Lesser, 1999, 83). A ship containing the first 781 members of the newly founded Japanese community called the Kasato-Maru arrived after its fifty-one day journey from Japan in June 1908 (Lesser, 2012, 153). The results of the Japanese led the Brazilian government to later promote immigration to other Asian countries, such as China. The Japanese were described as an intelligent and energetic force and this people is amazing us with their power to assimilate everything from European civilization in letters, in science, in art, in industry and even in political institutions (Lesser, 1999, 83). The expectations of the Japanese to the Brazilians were very low, but what the Japanese contributed to this society made them realize that they were definitely not inferior. The second reason for Japanese migration was due to their expectations of Brazil. The Japanese workers felt tricked due to the belief that they would become rich. In turned, similar to previous immigrants, the Japanese revolted against the Brazilian elites. Some of them fled to Argentina, where the salary was higher; or other urban areas such as Minas-Gerais, Parana, and Sao Paulo (Lesser, 2012, 155). One Japanese boy, Riukiti Yamashiro summarized his experience in Brazil as the following: It was a lie when they said Brazil was good the emigration company lied (Lesser, 2012, 156). Japanese propaganda had led the Japanese to believe that Brazil would rich in five years and that they would be able to return home wealthy. However, this was just a proportion of the feelings that Japanese had of Brazil. The Japanese also faced a problem from their home country due to the modernization and industrialization of the Meiji period from 1868 to 1912 (Carvalho 3). Japanese sought escape from poverty, overpopulation, heavy taxes and numerous socioeconomic problems. While some Japanese immigrated to Manchuria or Korea, other fled to Australia or Hawaii. Emigration that was prohibited during the Tokugawa period (1603 1867) was solved when Japan faced these economic problems. The Japanese government gave permission to emigration companies to recruit emigrants, Brazil being the primary destination as immigrants faced strong resistance from other countries (Carvalho 4). The first group of immigrants was a failure because the Japanese rebelled against the emigration companies and deserted the population due to poor treatment and no form of payment. In addition, most had no experience in farming. However, all hope was not lost for the Japanese in Brazilians, because the Japanese would continue to enter the country for the next fifty years (Carvalho 7). The third reason was that Japanese were able to create a community within Brazil. In order to create solutions to the land and labor problems, law were established which required immigrants to come as family units (Carvalho 7) and Japanese-run colonies were allowed to be established. In addition, the Japanese did hold a more powerful protector regime than other immigrants since they were able to establish regular school schedules for children and allow adults to participate in various every day activities such as gymnastics and moral boosting (Lesser 2012 156). Schooling allowed children of the immigrants to move up into more dominant positions in Brazilian societies. In addition, foreign government-sponsored colonies allowed Japanese to be relived from the worry of landowners which allowed them to focus on settlement. This discouraged them from returning to Japan and encouraging more emigration as the success in Brazil news spread back to their home country (Lesser, 2012, 157). There were many opportunities for the Japanese to assimilate into Brazilian culture. Most Japanese arrived at a time where the acquisition of land was easy, allowing them to produce new crops such as cotton, rice and potatoes (Carvalho 8). The social structure of Japanese communities mirrored those of traditional Japanese communities where the social order also followed traditional Japanese patterns. If a Japanese were to disturb the social order, they would be [ostracized] (Carvalho 10). The Japaneses primary goal was to accumulate as much capital as possible in order to return to their country of origin, so they worked hard and saved; however, the years they spend on Brazilian soil allowed them to bring their traditions and customs. This included their practices of incense money, gosembetsu (farewell gifts), and emphasis on social relationships between children and parent and society in addition to holidays as well (Carvalho 11). Their economic and cultural success allowed them to negotiate a position in the Brazilian society to the extent where Brazilian Indians and Japanese immigrants were of the same biological stock (Lesser, 2012, 160). Japanese immigration has contributed a great deal to Brazils national identity. The Meiji era created changes in the economic structure of Japan which led to relief through emigration. At the same time, Brazilians believed that Japanese immigrations would solve the problem of rural work, yet the same result due to poor treatment led to the revolt. However, the difference of the Japanese lied in the fact that they were able to form their own communities. This led to the population being able to culturally sustain themselves in Brazil. Currently, about 1.5 million Brazilians claim Japanese descent (Lesser, 1999, 174). The Japanese migration highlights the differences in immigration to Brazil. The Japanese and their descendants are among some of the best Brazilians and the cultural attitude they developed has allowed them to move into the upper-class of society. Today, Japanese-Brazilians can be found amongst every area of Brazilian society, from politics to economy to arts and industry (Lesser, 1999, 174). Even so, the pattern of emigration and immigration differ according to the economy of Brazil. For most of the last two hundred years, Brazil has been a destination for immigration (Lesser, 1999, 190). However, even with an improved economy, Brazil has been faced with the problem of emigration rather than immigration. A statistic from 2010 shows that about four million Brazilians live abroad which means the population is slowly decreasing. Many Japanese are involved in a phenomenon called dekasegui which means working away from home which is used to those who are descendants of Japanese who migrated to Japan (Lesser,2012, 191). With the amendment to Japans Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Law in 1990, the Japanese were allows to have work visas up to the generation (Lesser, 2012, 191). This trend fluctuated for various years, for example, when Brazils economy grew strong in the 2000s and the Japanese economy weakened, the migratory trends reversed. As opposed to in the 19th century, Brazilian-Japanese immigrants believed they were temporarily migrating to Brazil to become wealthy (Lesser, 1999, 192). In conclusion, Brazil has and still is a country of immigration. Despite traditional views of Brazil as a country of mestizo and African slavery, the Japanese population outside of Japan is highest in Brazil. I chose to write this essay on the reason for Japanese immigration to Brazil because Asian immigration is typically viewed as the Chinese immigration to America in the 1800s. However, the Japanese is not a country that is really talked about. This relates to the course theme of the Racial Formation of Brazil because it discusses the reasons for the Japanese immigration and how it contributed to Brazils diverse population. Initially, the Japanese immigrations initially sought relief from the Meiji Restoration which paralleled the Brazilian need for laborers. However, the Japanese were allowed to create a settlement and community which in turned allowed for the mass emigration from Japan to Brazil. This contributed to the existing community today and despite reverse changes, Brazi l is able to add onto its extremely diverse and vast culture. Works Cited Carvalho, Daniela De. Migrants and Identity in Japan and Brazil: The Nikkeijin. 1st ed. Place of Publication Not Identified: Routledge, 2015. Print. Graham, Jessica. Arrival of Enslaved Africans. HILA 121A W1D2. Warren Lecture Hall, Rm. 2115, La Jolla. 19 Jan. 2017. Lecture. Graham, Jessica. History of Brazilian Indios. HILA 121A W2D2. Warren Lecture Hall, Rm. 2115, La Jolla. 12 Jan. 2017. Lecture. Lesser, Jeffrey. Immigration, Ethnicity, and National Identity in Brazil, 1808 to the Present. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2013. Print. Lesser, Jeffrey. Negotiating National Identity: Immigrants, Minorities, and the Struggle for Ethnicity in Brazil. (1999): Pp. 13-39 (Chapter Two); Pp. 81-94 (part of Chapter Four); Pp. 147-57 (Chapter Six).+. Duke University Press. Web. 21 Mar. 2017. Schwarcz, Lilia Moritz. Introduction. The Spectacle of the Races: Scientists, Institutions and the Race Question in Brazil, 1870-1930. New York: Hill and Wang, 1999. 3-20. Print. Schwartz, Stuart. Early Brazil: A Documentary Collection to 1700. (2010): 117-40. TED. Cambridge University Press. Web. 21 Mar. 2017.